Cancer is the most hazardous disease from which maximum deaths are being noted worldwide. Cancer is curable only at the initial stages, but once it gets final stage then it is impossible to cure it. Medical science still doesn’t have any confirmed solution for the cancer. Cancer may be defined as an uncontrolled, abnormal growth of cells resulting into a mass of unorganized cells called tumor.
Basically, an abnormal mass of cells namely neoplasm, is defined as cancer. There are two types of tumors—benign tumor and malignant tumor (cancerous tumor). Benign tumor is harmless and contains a mass of well-differentiated cells. Malignant tumors are generally referred to as cancers. They grow very fast and form a mass of undifferentiated cells. Malignant tumor has the capacity to spread in any part of the body. Thus, they are more hazardous.
Types of cancer:
• Carcinomas: They are the tumors produced by the epithelial cells of ectodermal or endodermal origin. They are found in brain, skin, cervix, and breasts.
• Sarcomas: They are the tumor produced by the mesodermal cells. They are found in cartilage, bone, etc.
• Lymphomas: They are the tumors produced due to an abnormal production of lymphocytes by the spleen and lymph nodes.
• Leukemia: It is a kind of blood cancer caused by an abnormal production or leucocytes.
Causes of cancer:
• Tobacco: Excessive smoking or chewing of tobacco may to cancers of mouth, larynx, pharynx, esophagus, pancreas, etc.
• UV rays: Most of the incidence of skin cancer is due to ultraviolet radiation falling on the skin.
• Oncogenes: In some cases, cancer is caused by certain genes called oncogenes.
• Occupational factors: Exposure to benzene, cadmium chromium, and asbestos can cause cancer in some people.
• Alcohol: Excessive drinking of alcoholic bevarages may lead to cancers of the liver, esophagus, and rectum.
• Viruses: A number of viruses including hepatitis B virus, cytomegalo virus may cause some types of cancer.
• Dietary factors: Unreasonable consumption of fatty food may lead to breast cancer. Heavy consumption of beef may cause intestinal cancer.
Symptoms of Cancer:
• An ulcer of swelling that does not heal in spite of treatment, especially in an elderly person above the age of 45 or 50 years.
• Development of lump or a hard area in the breast or elsewhere in the body.
• A change in the location of wart or mole.
• A change in bowel habit.
• Persistent cough and hoarseness.
• Unusual bleeding between menstrual cycles and/or after menopause.
• Sudden loss in body weight
• Difficulty in swallowing food and indigestion.
• Bleeding from non-injured skin, mouth or any other orifice of the body.
• Low grade fever and loss of appetite.
Types of cancer:
• Carcinomas: They are the tumors produced by the epithelial cells of ectodermal or endodermal origin. They are found in brain, skin, cervix, and breasts.
• Sarcomas: They are the tumor produced by the mesodermal cells. They are found in cartilage, bone, etc.
• Lymphomas: They are the tumors produced due to an abnormal production of lymphocytes by the spleen and lymph nodes.
• Leukemia: It is a kind of blood cancer caused by an abnormal production or leucocytes.
Causes of cancer:
• Tobacco: Excessive smoking or chewing of tobacco may to cancers of mouth, larynx, pharynx, esophagus, pancreas, etc.
• UV rays: Most of the incidence of skin cancer is due to ultraviolet radiation falling on the skin.
• Oncogenes: In some cases, cancer is caused by certain genes called oncogenes.
• Occupational factors: Exposure to benzene, cadmium chromium, and asbestos can cause cancer in some people.
• Alcohol: Excessive drinking of alcoholic bevarages may lead to cancers of the liver, esophagus, and rectum.
• Viruses: A number of viruses including hepatitis B virus, cytomegalo virus may cause some types of cancer.
• Dietary factors: Unreasonable consumption of fatty food may lead to breast cancer. Heavy consumption of beef may cause intestinal cancer.
Symptoms of Cancer:
• An ulcer of swelling that does not heal in spite of treatment, especially in an elderly person above the age of 45 or 50 years.
• Development of lump or a hard area in the breast or elsewhere in the body.
• A change in the location of wart or mole.
• A change in bowel habit.
• Persistent cough and hoarseness.
• Unusual bleeding between menstrual cycles and/or after menopause.
• Sudden loss in body weight
• Difficulty in swallowing food and indigestion.
• Bleeding from non-injured skin, mouth or any other orifice of the body.
• Low grade fever and loss of appetite.
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